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Hysteroscopy is a medical procedure that can be used both as a diagnostic tool and a treatment option for certain fertility issues in women. It involves the examination of the inside of the uterus (the womb) using a hysteroscope, which is a thin, lighted tube with a camera attached to it. The hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus, allowing the doctor to visualize the uterine cavity and identify any abnormalities that may be affecting fertility.
Hysteroscopy can be performed for various reasons related to fertility:
Diagnosis of Uterine Abnormalities: It allows doctors to detect and assess conditions such as uterine fibroids, polyps, adhesions (scar tissue), or structural issues in the uterus that may interfere with conception or pregnancy.
Removal of Uterine Polyps or Fibroids: If polyps or fibroids are detected during the hysteroscopy, they can often be removed during the procedure, which may improve fertility outcomes.
Treatment of Uterine Adhesions: In cases where adhesions are found, the hysteroscopy can be used to carefully remove the scar tissue, potentially improving the chances of conception.
Evaluation of the Uterine Lining: Hysteroscopy can help assess the thickness and health of the uterine lining (endometrium), which is crucial for successful implantation of a fertilized egg.
Investigation of Recurrent Miscarriages: For women experiencing recurrent miscarriages, hysteroscopy can help identify uterine factors that may contribute to the problem.
Intrauterine Device (IUD) Retrieval: If an IUD is lost or stuck in the uterus, hysteroscopy can be used to locate and remove it.
Hysteroscopy is generally considered a safe procedure and is typically performed on an outpatient basis. In some cases, it may be done in combination with other fertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intrauterine insemination (IUI), to optimize the chances of conception.
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